Why was Lowell called the city of spindles?īy the mid-19th century Lowell had become one of the country’s major industrial cities it was called the “spindle city” and the “Manchester of America” because of its large textile industries. What did Lowell combine in his factories?įor the first time in the United States, these mills combined the textile processes of spinning and weaving under one roof, essentially eliminating the “putting-out system” in favor of mass production of high-quality cloth. What is one reason lowell massachusetts was called a model factory town? factory owners housed and protected women employees. Why was Lowell Massachusetts a model factory town?
It was clear that the textile industry would not lead Lowell back to prosperity. When the war ended in 1945, orders for munitions and textiles fell off, and the city lapsed into its old economic doldrums. These young women had experience in weaving and spinning from home manufacturing and worked for cheaper wages than did male employees.” The Lowell system created a new way to control the labor supply. Lowell found his employees in the girls and young women of the surrounding countryside. Here the raw cotton fibers were processed to produce cloth. See also Where Was The Lowell Factory System? What did the Lowell factory produce?Īt this site, on the shores of the Charles River, industrialist Francis Cabot Lowell (1775–1817) built the Boston Manufacturing Company, the first complete cotton spinning and weaving mill in the United States. Each room usually had 80 women working at machines, with two male overseers managing the operation. Employees worked from 5:00 am until 7:00 pm, for an average 73 hours per week. What were the working conditions like in Lowell mills?Ĭonditions in the Lowell mills were severe by modern American standards. Lowell’s Boston Manufacturing Company was producing cloth by 1815, utilizing power looms he had developed after observing similar machines in British factories. What was Lowell Massachusetts known for during the industrial revolution?įrancis Cabot Lowell and his circle of Boston friends were the first to improve upon the design and organization of the early New England textile mills. Many of Lowell’s historic manufacturing sites were later preserved by the National Park Service to create Lowell National Historical Park. The city became known as the cradle of the American Industrial Revolution because of its textile mills and factories. Lowell is considered the “Cradle of the American Industrial Revolution”, as it was the first large-scale factory town in the United States.
But he was the first to do so with a vertically integrated system, thus introducing the modern factory to the United States. Why was the Lowell System Important? Lowell was not the only entrepreneur to bring the production of textiles to the United States. What was unique about the Lowell factories?
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